Window construction



Feb. 27, 1934. D. E. Ross WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Fiied July 18. 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet l s i E l s Feb. 27, 1934. D E Ross 1,948,678

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed July 18, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 "llll/111110111111110' r Feb.. 27, 1934. D E R055 1,948,678

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed July 18, 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Feb. 27, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WINDOW CONSTRUCTION David E. Ross, La Fayette, Ind., assigner to Rostone Incorporated, La Fayette, Ind., a corporation of Indiana plate 1 is inserted; and at the bottom of the This invention is a novel window construction, including novel glazed metallic sash, novel metal framing or housing for such sash, and novel weather stripping.

The objects of the invention are to provide a Window frame and sash having great rigidity of structure; weatherproof and soundproof in construction to eliminate counter weights o1' counter springs; and at the same time secure a 100% opening of the window if so desired.

I will explain the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and summarize in the claims the essential features of construction and novel construction and combination of parts for which protection is desired.

In said drawings:

Fig. 1 is `a front view partly broken away of a metal window frame and glazed sash embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2 2, Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3 3, Fig. 2. Y

Fig. 4 is a, detail section on the line 4 4, Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a front view of the lower part of a modified window frame and sash.

Fig. 6 is a vertical section on the line 6 6, Fig. 5.

3 Fig. 7 is a transverse section on the line 7 7,

Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a detail section on the line 8 8, Fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is a detail plan view of one of the sash operating devices.

Fig. 10 is a view of the glazed metal sash partly in section.

Fig. 11 is a top view of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a transverse sectional view through Fig. 1o. Y

Fig. 13 is an enlarged detail view of the weather stripping devices shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 14 is an enlarged detail view of the weather stripping devices shown in Fig. 4.

To facilitate an understanding of the complete invention, I will first describe the .glazed window sash (see Figs. 10, 11 and 12). The construction of the novel sash is based upon the well known rigidity of heavy glass. Preferably,

I use a sheet of plate glass 1 approximately 1A" thick and of a size approximating the desired glazed window opening. This plate is enclosed in a frame consisting of opposite side bars 2 and 3 connected by rods 4, 4. Bar 2 has a channel in one side into which one edge of the channel there is a resilient member 2r, prefererably -of plastic or non-oxidizing rubber; and on the outer side of bar 2 is a rack 211. adapted to be operated by a spur gear, as hereinafter described.

The bar 3 at the other end of the plate is grooved to receive the edge of the plate, and a resilient member 31' similar to 2r is inserted in the groove. Bar 3 is of slightly less cross section dimension than bar 2, so that it is to be f ree in the standard ways in which the sash works. The rods 4, 4 are bolts connecting the bars 2 and 3 for clamping the glass plate 1 to and between said bars 2 and 3.

`The glass plate 1 will not warp or sag; and

is held tightly clamped between the bars 2 and 3. The parts 3, 4 and 4' stick out from bar 2 as a cantilever, and the resilient liners 2r, 31" allow for unequal coefticients of expansion between the metal frame and the glass. It is obvious that if the gear teeth or rack 2n on bar 2 were omitted and hinges substituted; then this assembly could be operated as a easement window. The part 2, being very long in comparison to its thickness and breadth, cannot possibly get diagonal and cock in the ways in which it has an easy sliding t for ease of manipulation; While the part 3 preferably does not touch the sides of the ways. The structure can be made weather proof in the frame as hereinafter de-v scribed. The said sash forms the subject matter` of a divisional application.

These metal sashes are preferably mounted in a metal frame as hereinafter described and the glazed metal sash being very narrow a number of such sashes can be readily assembled within a narrow frame and within a small space. In the drawings I have shown metal frames in which a plurality of such sashes are mounted, each being independently operable.

'I'he frame is preferably made of sheet metal as shown at 50 (see Fig. 2), this frame having an exterior upturned flange 50a and interior downturned ange 50h. This frame could be made of standard channels allowing both flanges to turn out or both flanges to turn in. I obtain great over all depth of flange by turning one flange out and one flange in, and also obtain great depth of structure and, therefore, great rigidity by the construction shown. The standard rollngs are cut at a mitre so they fit the corners forming a perfect rectangle and being welded at the corners form an integral frame of great rigidity.

rIhe interior of the frame would be about twice the vertical length o-f the glazed sash so that when the sashes are lowered as in Figs. 1 and 2 they will be entirely exposed but they can be raised into the upper part of the frame so as to open the window. On the sides of the frame are attached ways 5, '7 and 8 and the three sashes W', Wc, W0, and these ways may be attached to plates 11, 11 below and 12, 12 above (see Fig. 1) so that any sash can be removed or replaced. In

general, the ways would probably be best weldedy to the side strips 11, 11 while theiupper guides would be welded toy 12, 12. However, these guides for the glass may be fastened in any conventional manner.

In the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 3, W' is an inside glass sash (see Fig. 2) Wc a glass sash which may be an art window sash either of colored glass, transparent pictures, or other forms of art to be applied; while Wo is an outside or storm window sash. This assembly is desired 'where the space within the wall permits of all the glass retiring into the space above. The close nesting of this glass permits of a iiy screen being placed in ways S just outside of Wo which screen can be raised up intoy the space above when it is not needed. At the inner side there are ways C fora curtain. This curtain may be of stamped metal, laminated boards, such as veneer, or a frame on which is stretched a fabric; it can be raised into the upper part of the frame when desired.

Within the upper part of the frame are disposed parallel metal sheets a, a; b, b and c, c. 'Ihe sash W' is adapted to enter between sheets b, b; sash Wc between plates b', c and sash W0 between sheets c, c. The curtain might enter between the sheets a, b and the screen between the sheets c', a.

Disposed over the upper edge of each sash W', Wc and Wo is a tubular member 14 of any suitable material which is vadapted to fill the space between the housing sheets and thus form an absolute weather stripping and soundproong medium. Within this tube 14 is placed a resilient liner to hold it concentric, and to allow for the unequal coeflicients of expansion of the metals to the glass.

The ends o-f the sheets a, b, c, etc. are secured at top within the frame, see Fig. 2. The sheet metal parts a, b, c, a', b and c' may all be welded together at the top, sothey form a unit construction, and slip; as one piece upfinto the outer frame 50. It will be observed (see Fig. 14) that part 2 has a light running iit within the ways while the part 3 clears the ways. To the inner face of the guide '7 between the sash may be attached a bowed metal strip 7x (see Figs. 4 and 14), the edges of which may contact with the glass and act as weather stripping to exclude air and moisture from the interior of the guide.

A suitable weather stripping may be attached to the lower bar 4' of each sash. As shown (Figs. 2, 6, 13) at the bottom of the glass is a very thin sheet metal stripping 15, bent as shown. This strip is of spring material which has two lines of contact with the glass, as shown in Fig. 13. Welded to it is a curved strip 16, which may have fingers 16 on its outer edge, part 16 being of spring material but much heavier than part 15. This holds the spring 15 rigidly against the glass and the water can drip out over 16 and not freeze to cause rupture. These devices form a perfect weather seal.

At the bottom of the frame is a water plate 10,

see Figs. 1, 2 and 13. This water plate ts between the side plates 11, 11 (Fig. l). The opening in the lower part of the sash may be iinished by trimming of any suitable kind. As indicated in the drawings I have provided parts 3'7 and 38 made of thin material and or" such shape that, like the frame, which is a standard cross section welded in a mitre joint at the corners, it nishes the inside and outside window trim. This window trim will be metal, and can take any of the beautiful finishes applied to automobile fenders, or other art metal work.

In Fig. 4 the window frame is shown as being temporarily clamped to the house frame by means of a strip which holds the window frame in place until the outer finish 38 is placed.

In Fig. 2 the water seal plate 10 is shown in one piece and when all of the sashes are in the up position it can be removed and the seal and the whole lower ways assembly can be taken out as one piece. Then any sash can be lowered and very easily taken out.

The novel windows are delivered to the construction job with all the sash, screen and curtain retired into the upper compartment box, 1

where they may be held apart by suitable packing such as corrugated board. And when the window is clamped into the house, each part can be lowered separately, the corrugated paper boards taken out; and the window is operative without any more adjustment on the part of the workmen.

The metal framing shown forms a rigid container for the novel sash and this novel sash I,

shown in Figs. 10A to 12 has provision for differ- 1;

ent coefcients of expansion of the metal and the glass. The whole sash is supported by or hangs on part 2, which is the actuating member when it is vertically lifted, and the hinged member when it is used for a easement window (not shown).

In Figs. 6 and '7 I have illustrated how the aforesaid novel sash may be utilized in a window frame having upper and lower sashes. In

this construction the frame 50 is constructed i' substantially as above described but upper hoods or chambers for the sashes are not used. In this construction I rhave shown two lower sashes which are like W and Wo as above described and two upper sashes W2 and W3 which alternate with the sashes W', W0. The ways for each sash extend from top to bottom of the frame. Each of the sashes are provided with the lower weather seals 15, 16 as abovedescribed and the sashes W and W0 are each provided on their upper edges under the rods 4 with a thin bowed strip 1'7 which when the upper sashes are fully raised and the lower sashesy fully lowered, contacts with the metal strip 15 on the adjacent sash (see Fig. 6) and forms a close joint. Each of sashes W2 and W3 is also provided on its upper edge and under the rod 4 with a grooved metal strip 4s which when the sash is raised enters grooves in or between ller strips 4t and 4w in the upper part of the frame and forms a strong joint.

The construction shown in Figs. 6 and 7 is adapted to a standard window in which the storm or outer window is mounted. This also uses the same principle of weather seal at the bottom of material 1'7 is used which presses against the thin y sheet metal strip 15 opposite, as shown. In each to permit a crank to be inserted.

case on `the upper window, the part 16 is fastened to the thin sheet by welding or brazing; and the stiff ngers 16 go up on the glass to hold the springY in position. This permits rain to drip off, and not collect so the water will freeze and rupture the structure.

The sash may be raised or lowered by any suitable mechanism but in Fig. 3 I have shown means for operating the respective sashes by means of pinions engaging the rack bars 2. In this figure the actuating gear 21 is rigidly fastened to the shaft 28, and also carries a face friction clutch 23, rigidly fastened to the same shaft 28.

22 is a bearing permitting 28 either to rotate orhave longitudinal motion within 22. At the outer end of 28 there is a squared or hexed socket If a crank is inserted and 28 pushed inwardly the gear teeth of 21 will slide longitudinally within the rack on 2, and release the face friction clutch between 22 and 23; but as soon as the handle is re` moved from the socket in 28, the spring 24 will again engage the face friction clutch between 22 and 23, locking 21 and 22 to the frame. The gear is mounted on a tube 27. 27 likewise works within a bearing 19 which carries a friction clutch to work between 19 and 20. The outer end of the tube 27 is arranged for either torial effort from a crank; and when the crank is engaged and the tube 27 is pushed in then 19 and 20 disengage and sash W can be actuated either up or down.

The sash Wo may be operated from the other side by similar devices including the gear 33 engaging the rack 2r of the sash and fast to an inwardly movable rod 29 which is normally projected so as to hold gear 33 in engagement with the rack by a spring 31 interposed between the fixed member 32 and the collar 30 on the rod 29, the inner end of the rod having a bearing and a lug 34 on the frame.

In the construction shown in Fig. 6 there are four sashes and -four operating gears are necessary. In this case (see Fig. 7) spur gear 20 is fastened rigidly to a tube, as shown, and the outer part 24 rigidly fastened to the same tube. 19x is fixed and becomes a bearing. This part 24 carries a socket hexed or squared to take ro tation from an operating crank. When the operating crank is placed in 24 the latter pushed inward the spring is compressed and the face jaw clutches connecting 19a: and 20 are released. The engagement between 19x and 20 is positive and not frictional, as shown in Fig. 3, and I consider it the preferred construction. Shaft 25 squared at the end, is rigidly fastened to gear 21; and gear 21 is face jaw clutched to fixed member 22. In each construction the other two sashes are operated by gears arranged in the same way on the opposite side and similarly numbered. The face jaw clutch is preferably made by forming a slot from the base of the tooth radial to the center, in which the face jaw clutches of the non-rotatable members engage. The aforesaid sash-operating devices form the subject matter of my companion application led August 15, 1932, Serial No. 628,947.

The parts 10, 11 and 11 together with all of the ways for the windows to operate in, are preferably Welded together to form one integral structure. This window assembly will t any type of house of present day construction, and has the outer storm window effect which adds insulating qualities against heat and cold, and reduces outside noises.

The Windows can be shipped from the factory ready for installation and operation. It can be clamped to the steel framing of the house; and when the outside and inside house finish is complete, then the final window trim can be put in place, all making for very rapid house assembly.

The low priced but highly efficient weather stripping methods prevent any transmission of outside atmosphere past the glass area. There is a multiple seal for the prevention of conducting either atmospheric or weather conditions from without to within. And the construction renders it possible to add a cultural and artistic tone to window construction.

No claim is made herein for the weather stripping and the sash sealing devices, these being part of the subject-matter of a companion divisional application filed January 3, 1933, Serial No. 649,981. Also no claim is made herein for the window sash operating devices, these forming the subject-matter of a companion divisional application led August 15, 1932. Serial No. 628,947.

I claim:-

1. In a window, a metal frame, sash guides within the frame, a sash mounted in said guides, and spaced sheets in the upper part of the frame forming a pocket adapted to receive the sash when raised.

2. In a window frame as set forth in claim 1, a member on the upper edge of the sash adapted to contact with the walls of the pocket.

3. In a window, a metal frame, sash guides within the frame attached to the sides thereof, a sash mounted in said guides, spaced metal sheets in the upper part of the frame forming pockets adapted to receive the sash when raised, and a member on the upper edge of the sash adapted to form a close joint between the upper edge of the sash and the adjacent sheets when the sash is raised.

4. A frame for metal windows comprising a metal frame having exterior and interior flanges, and a metal water plate secured between the side members of the frame at the lower end thereof.

5. A frame for metal windows comprising a metal frame having exterior and interior flanges, and a metal water plate secured between the side members of the frame at the lower end thereof, sash guides attached to the side members of the frame, and parallel sheets disposed in the upper part of the frame between the guides forming a sash receiving pocket.

6. A frame for metal Windows comprising a metal frame having exterior and interior flanges,

a metal water plate secured between the side members of the frame at the lower end thereof, and exterior and interior metal trims attached to the frame.

7. A frame for metal windows comprising a metal frame having exterior and interior flanges, a metal water plate secured between the side members of the frame at the lower end thereof, and exterior and interior metal trims attached to the frame, sash guides attached to the side members of the frame, and parallel metal sheets disposed in the upper part of the frame between the guides forming a sash receiving pocket.

8. A frame for metal windows comprising a metal frame having an exterior upturned flange and an interior down-turned flange, and a metal 15u water plate secured between the side members of the frame above the base thereof.

9. A frame for metal windows comprising a metal frame having an exterior upturned flange and an interior down-turned ange, and a metal of the frame above the base thereof, and exterior and interior metal trim attached to the sides of the frame.

1l. A frame for metal windows comprising a metal frame having an exterior upturned flange and an interior down-turned flange, a metal water plate pivoted between the side members of the frame above the base thereof, and exterior and interior metal trim attached to the sides of the frame, sash guides attached to the side members of the frame, and parallel metal sheets disposed in the upper part of the frame between the guides forming sash receiving pockets.

DAVID E. ROSS. 

